ABSTRACT

Background: Acharya Sushruta, the pioneer of surgical science in Ayurveda, described Bhagna Chikitsa-a detailed and structured approach to the management of fractures (Asthi Bhagna) and joint dislocations (Sandhi Moksha)-centuries ago. His principles, developed through direct clinical observation, continue to hold practical relevance in the modern orthopaedic landscape. Objective: This review aims to explore the foundational principles of Sushruta’s Bhagna Chikitsa, understand their physiological rationale, and assess their relevance and integration potential in contemporary fracture care. Methods: An analytical review of classical Ayurvedic texts including Sushruta Saṃhitā, Aṣṭāṅga Hṛdaya, and supportive Nighaṇṭu literature was conducted, along with comparison to modern orthopaedic principles. Key therapeutic strategies, anatomical classifications, and post-fracture rehabilitation methods were identified and interpreted in the context of biomechanics and healing physiology. Results: Sushruta’s fourfold treatment sequence—Anchana (traction), Pidana (compression), Sankshepana (alignment), and Bandhana (immobilisation)—provides a biomechanically sound approach to fracture management, remarkably aligned with modern reduction and stabilisation protocols. His use of herbal formulations (Asthi-sandhaniya dravyas) and natural splint materials reflect both clinical ingenuity and ecological adaptability. The emphasis on diet, rest, and graded physiotherapy (mud ball, rock salt, stone lifting) reflects an early appreciation for holistic rehabilitation. Conclusion: Sushruta’s Bhagna Chikitsa represents not just a historical account, but a timeless clinical framework with strong anatomical, biomechanical, and therapeutic foundations. Its integration into modern fracture care, particularly in conservative or resource-limited settings, offers a promising, patient-centred approach for fracture management. Keywords : Bhagna, Laksha Churna vati, Sushruta, Integrative Fracture Management